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101 lines
4.3 KiB
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101 lines
4.3 KiB
HTML
<html lang="en">
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<title>Callers - GNU gprof</title>
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<link rel="up" href="Call-Graph.html#Call-Graph" title="Call Graph">
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<link rel="prev" href="Primary.html#Primary" title="Primary">
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This file documents the gprof profiler of the GNU system.
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Copyright (C) 1988-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
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or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
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with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no
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<div class="node">
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<a name="Callers"></a>
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<p>
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Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="Subroutines.html#Subroutines">Subroutines</a>,
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Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="Primary.html#Primary">Primary</a>,
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Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="Call-Graph.html#Call-Graph">Call Graph</a>
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<hr>
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</div>
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<h4 class="subsection">5.2.2 Lines for a Function's Callers</h4>
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<p>A function's entry has a line for each function it was called by.
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These lines' fields correspond to the fields of the primary line, but
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their meanings are different because of the difference in context.
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<p>For reference, we repeat two lines from the entry for the function
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<code>report</code>, the primary line and one caller-line preceding it, together
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with the heading line that shows the names of the fields:
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<pre class="smallexample"> index % time self children called name
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...
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0.00 0.05 1/1 main [2]
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[3] 100.0 0.00 0.05 1 report [3]
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</pre>
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<p>Here are the meanings of the fields in the caller-line for <code>report</code>
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called from <code>main</code>:
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<dl>
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<dt><code>self</code><dd>An estimate of the amount of time spent in <code>report</code> itself when it was
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called from <code>main</code>.
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<br><dt><code>children</code><dd>An estimate of the amount of time spent in subroutines of <code>report</code>
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when <code>report</code> was called from <code>main</code>.
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<p>The sum of the <code>self</code> and <code>children</code> fields is an estimate
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of the amount of time spent within calls to <code>report</code> from <code>main</code>.
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<br><dt><code>called</code><dd>Two numbers: the number of times <code>report</code> was called from <code>main</code>,
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followed by the total number of non-recursive calls to <code>report</code> from
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all its callers.
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<br><dt><code>name and index number</code><dd>The name of the caller of <code>report</code> to which this line applies,
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followed by the caller's index number.
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<p>Not all functions have entries in the call graph; some
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options to <code>gprof</code> request the omission of certain functions.
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When a caller has no entry of its own, it still has caller-lines
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in the entries of the functions it calls.
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<p>If the caller is part of a recursion cycle, the cycle number is
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printed between the name and the index number.
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</dl>
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<p>If the identity of the callers of a function cannot be determined, a
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dummy caller-line is printed which has ‘<samp><span class="samp"><spontaneous></span></samp>’ as the
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“caller's name” and all other fields blank. This can happen for
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signal handlers.
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<!-- What if some calls have determinable callers' names but not all? -->
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<!-- FIXME - still relevant? -->
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</body></html>
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