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<a name="ar-scripts"></a>
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<p>
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Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="ar-cmdline.html#ar-cmdline">ar cmdline</a>,
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Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="ar.html#ar">ar</a>
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<h3 class="section">1.2 Controlling <samp><span class="command">ar</span></samp> with a Script</h3>
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<pre class="smallexample"> ar -M [ <<var>script</var> ]
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</pre>
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<p><a name="index-MRI-compatibility_002c-_0040command_007bar_007d-34"></a><a name="index-scripts_002c-_0040command_007bar_007d-35"></a>If you use the single command-line option ‘<samp><span class="samp">-M</span></samp>’ with <samp><span class="command">ar</span></samp>, you
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can control its operation with a rudimentary command language. This
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form of <samp><span class="command">ar</span></samp> operates interactively if standard input is coming
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directly from a terminal. During interactive use, <samp><span class="command">ar</span></samp> prompts for
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input (the prompt is ‘<samp><span class="samp">AR ></span></samp>’), and continues executing even after
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errors. If you redirect standard input to a script file, no prompts are
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issued, and <samp><span class="command">ar</span></samp> abandons execution (with a nonzero exit code)
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on any error.
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<p>The <samp><span class="command">ar</span></samp> command language is <em>not</em> designed to be equivalent
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to the command-line options; in fact, it provides somewhat less control
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over archives. The only purpose of the command language is to ease the
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transition to <span class="sc">gnu</span> <samp><span class="command">ar</span></samp> for developers who already have scripts
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written for the MRI “librarian” program.
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<p>The syntax for the <samp><span class="command">ar</span></samp> command language is straightforward:
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<ul>
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<li>commands are recognized in upper or lower case; for example, <code>LIST</code>
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is the same as <code>list</code>. In the following descriptions, commands are
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shown in upper case for clarity.
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<li>a single command may appear on each line; it is the first word on the
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line.
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<li>empty lines are allowed, and have no effect.
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<li>comments are allowed; text after either of the characters ‘<samp><span class="samp">*</span></samp>’
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or ‘<samp><span class="samp">;</span></samp>’ is ignored.
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<li>Whenever you use a list of names as part of the argument to an <samp><span class="command">ar</span></samp>
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command, you can separate the individual names with either commas or
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blanks. Commas are shown in the explanations below, for clarity.
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<li>‘<samp><span class="samp">+</span></samp>’ is used as a line continuation character; if ‘<samp><span class="samp">+</span></samp>’ appears
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at the end of a line, the text on the following line is considered part
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of the current command.
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</ul>
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<p>Here are the commands you can use in <samp><span class="command">ar</span></samp> scripts, or when using
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<samp><span class="command">ar</span></samp> interactively. Three of them have special significance:
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<p><code>OPEN</code> or <code>CREATE</code> specify a <dfn>current archive</dfn>, which is
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a temporary file required for most of the other commands.
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<p><code>SAVE</code> commits the changes so far specified by the script. Prior
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to <code>SAVE</code>, commands affect only the temporary copy of the current
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archive.
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<dl>
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<dt><code>ADDLIB </code><var>archive</var><dt><code>ADDLIB </code><var>archive</var><code> (</code><var>module</var><code>, </code><var>module</var><code>, ... </code><var>module</var><code>)</code><dd>Add all the contents of <var>archive</var> (or, if specified, each named
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<var>module</var> from <var>archive</var>) to the current archive.
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<p>Requires prior use of <code>OPEN</code> or <code>CREATE</code>.
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<br><dt><code>ADDMOD </code><var>member</var><code>, </code><var>member</var><code>, ... </code><var>member</var><dd><!-- FIXME! w/Replacement?? If so, like "ar r @var{archive} @var{names}" -->
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<!-- else like "ar q..." -->
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Add each named <var>member</var> as a module in the current archive.
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<p>Requires prior use of <code>OPEN</code> or <code>CREATE</code>.
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<br><dt><code>CLEAR</code><dd>Discard the contents of the current archive, canceling the effect of
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any operations since the last <code>SAVE</code>. May be executed (with no
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effect) even if no current archive is specified.
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<br><dt><code>CREATE </code><var>archive</var><dd>Creates an archive, and makes it the current archive (required for many
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other commands). The new archive is created with a temporary name; it
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is not actually saved as <var>archive</var> until you use <code>SAVE</code>.
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You can overwrite existing archives; similarly, the contents of any
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existing file named <var>archive</var> will not be destroyed until <code>SAVE</code>.
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<br><dt><code>DELETE </code><var>module</var><code>, </code><var>module</var><code>, ... </code><var>module</var><dd>Delete each listed <var>module</var> from the current archive; equivalent to
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‘<samp><span class="samp">ar -d </span><var>archive</var> <var>module</var><span class="samp"> ... </span><var>module</var></samp>’.
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<p>Requires prior use of <code>OPEN</code> or <code>CREATE</code>.
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<br><dt><code>DIRECTORY </code><var>archive</var><code> (</code><var>module</var><code>, ... </code><var>module</var><code>)</code><dt><code>DIRECTORY </code><var>archive</var><code> (</code><var>module</var><code>, ... </code><var>module</var><code>) </code><var>outputfile</var><dd>List each named <var>module</var> present in <var>archive</var>. The separate
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command <code>VERBOSE</code> specifies the form of the output: when verbose
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output is off, output is like that of ‘<samp><span class="samp">ar -t </span><var>archive</var>
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<var>module</var><span class="samp">...</span></samp>’. When verbose output is on, the listing is like
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‘<samp><span class="samp">ar -tv </span><var>archive</var> <var>module</var><span class="samp">...</span></samp>’.
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<p>Output normally goes to the standard output stream; however, if you
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specify <var>outputfile</var> as a final argument, <samp><span class="command">ar</span></samp> directs the
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output to that file.
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<br><dt><code>END</code><dd>Exit from <samp><span class="command">ar</span></samp>, with a <code>0</code> exit code to indicate successful
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completion. This command does not save the output file; if you have
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changed the current archive since the last <code>SAVE</code> command, those
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changes are lost.
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<br><dt><code>EXTRACT </code><var>module</var><code>, </code><var>module</var><code>, ... </code><var>module</var><dd>Extract each named <var>module</var> from the current archive, writing them
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into the current directory as separate files. Equivalent to ‘<samp><span class="samp">ar -x
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</span><var>archive</var> <var>module</var><span class="samp">...</span></samp>’.
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<p>Requires prior use of <code>OPEN</code> or <code>CREATE</code>.
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<br><dt><code>LIST</code><dd>Display full contents of the current archive, in “verbose” style
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regardless of the state of <code>VERBOSE</code>. The effect is like ‘<samp><span class="samp">ar
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tv </span><var>archive</var></samp>’. (This single command is a <span class="sc">gnu</span> <samp><span class="command">ar</span></samp>
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enhancement, rather than present for MRI compatibility.)
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<p>Requires prior use of <code>OPEN</code> or <code>CREATE</code>.
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<br><dt><code>OPEN </code><var>archive</var><dd>Opens an existing archive for use as the current archive (required for
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many other commands). Any changes as the result of subsequent commands
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will not actually affect <var>archive</var> until you next use <code>SAVE</code>.
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<br><dt><code>REPLACE </code><var>module</var><code>, </code><var>module</var><code>, ... </code><var>module</var><dd>In the current archive, replace each existing <var>module</var> (named in
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the <code>REPLACE</code> arguments) from files in the current working directory.
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To execute this command without errors, both the file, and the module in
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the current archive, must exist.
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<p>Requires prior use of <code>OPEN</code> or <code>CREATE</code>.
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<br><dt><code>VERBOSE</code><dd>Toggle an internal flag governing the output from <code>DIRECTORY</code>.
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When the flag is on, <code>DIRECTORY</code> output matches output from
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‘<samp><span class="samp">ar -tv </span></samp>’<small class="dots">...</small>.
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<br><dt><code>SAVE</code><dd>Commit your changes to the current archive, and actually save it as a
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file with the name specified in the last <code>CREATE</code> or <code>OPEN</code>
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command.
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<p>Requires prior use of <code>OPEN</code> or <code>CREATE</code>.
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</dl>
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