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<!-- This manual describes how to install and use the GNU multiple precision
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arithmetic library, version 6.1.0.
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Copyright 1991, 1993-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under
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<title>Formatted Output Functions (GNU MP 6.1.0)</title>
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<meta name="description" content="How to install and use the GNU multiple precision arithmetic library, version 6.1.0.">
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<link href="Concept-Index.html#Concept-Index" rel="index" title="Concept Index">
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<link href="Formatted-Output.html#Formatted-Output" rel="up" title="Formatted Output">
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</head>
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<body lang="en">
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<a name="Formatted-Output-Functions"></a>
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<div class="header">
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<p>
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Next: <a href="C_002b_002b-Formatted-Output.html#C_002b_002b-Formatted-Output" accesskey="n" rel="next">C++ Formatted Output</a>, Previous: <a href="Formatted-Output-Strings.html#Formatted-Output-Strings" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Formatted Output Strings</a>, Up: <a href="Formatted-Output.html#Formatted-Output" accesskey="u" rel="up">Formatted Output</a> [<a href="Concept-Index.html#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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</div>
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<hr>
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<a name="Functions"></a>
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<h3 class="section">10.2 Functions</h3>
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<a name="index-Output-functions-3"></a>
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<p>Each of the following functions is similar to the corresponding C library
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function. The basic <code>printf</code> forms take a variable argument list. The
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<code>vprintf</code> forms take an argument pointer, see <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Variadic-Functions.html#Variadic-Functions">Variadic Functions</a> in <cite>The GNU C Library Reference Manual</cite>, or ‘<samp>man 3
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va_start</samp>’.
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</p>
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<p>It should be emphasised that if a format string is invalid, or the arguments
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don’t match what the format specifies, then the behaviour of any of these
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functions will be unpredictable. GCC format string checking is not available,
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since it doesn’t recognise the GMP extensions.
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</p>
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<p>The file based functions <code>gmp_printf</code> and <code>gmp_fprintf</code> will return
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<em>-1</em> to indicate a write error. Output is not “atomic”, so partial
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output may be produced if a write error occurs. All the functions can return
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<em>-1</em> if the C library <code>printf</code> variant in use returns <em>-1</em>, but
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this shouldn’t normally occur.
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</p>
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<dl>
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<dt><a name="index-gmp_005fprintf"></a>Function: <em>int</em> <strong>gmp_printf</strong> <em>(const char *<var>fmt</var>, …)</em></dt>
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<dt><a name="index-gmp_005fvprintf"></a>Function: <em>int</em> <strong>gmp_vprintf</strong> <em>(const char *<var>fmt</var>, va_list <var>ap</var>)</em></dt>
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<dd><p>Print to the standard output <code>stdout</code>. Return the number of characters
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written, or <em>-1</em> if an error occurred.
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</p></dd></dl>
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<dl>
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<dt><a name="index-gmp_005ffprintf"></a>Function: <em>int</em> <strong>gmp_fprintf</strong> <em>(FILE *<var>fp</var>, const char *<var>fmt</var>, …)</em></dt>
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<dt><a name="index-gmp_005fvfprintf"></a>Function: <em>int</em> <strong>gmp_vfprintf</strong> <em>(FILE *<var>fp</var>, const char *<var>fmt</var>, va_list <var>ap</var>)</em></dt>
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<dd><p>Print to the stream <var>fp</var>. Return the number of characters written, or
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<em>-1</em> if an error occurred.
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</p></dd></dl>
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<dl>
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<dt><a name="index-gmp_005fsprintf"></a>Function: <em>int</em> <strong>gmp_sprintf</strong> <em>(char *<var>buf</var>, const char *<var>fmt</var>, …)</em></dt>
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<dt><a name="index-gmp_005fvsprintf"></a>Function: <em>int</em> <strong>gmp_vsprintf</strong> <em>(char *<var>buf</var>, const char *<var>fmt</var>, va_list <var>ap</var>)</em></dt>
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<dd><p>Form a null-terminated string in <var>buf</var>. Return the number of characters
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written, excluding the terminating null.
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</p>
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<p>No overlap is permitted between the space at <var>buf</var> and the string
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<var>fmt</var>.
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</p>
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<p>These functions are not recommended, since there’s no protection against
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exceeding the space available at <var>buf</var>.
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</p></dd></dl>
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<dl>
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<dt><a name="index-gmp_005fsnprintf"></a>Function: <em>int</em> <strong>gmp_snprintf</strong> <em>(char *<var>buf</var>, size_t <var>size</var>, const char *<var>fmt</var>, …)</em></dt>
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<dt><a name="index-gmp_005fvsnprintf"></a>Function: <em>int</em> <strong>gmp_vsnprintf</strong> <em>(char *<var>buf</var>, size_t <var>size</var>, const char *<var>fmt</var>, va_list <var>ap</var>)</em></dt>
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<dd><p>Form a null-terminated string in <var>buf</var>. No more than <var>size</var> bytes
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will be written. To get the full output, <var>size</var> must be enough for the
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string and null-terminator.
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</p>
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<p>The return value is the total number of characters which ought to have been
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produced, excluding the terminating null. If <em><var>retval</var> >=
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<var>size</var></em> then the actual output has been truncated to the first
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<em><var>size</var>-1</em> characters, and a null appended.
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</p>
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<p>No overlap is permitted between the region {<var>buf</var>,<var>size</var>} and the
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<var>fmt</var> string.
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</p>
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<p>Notice the return value is in ISO C99 <code>snprintf</code> style. This is so even
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if the C library <code>vsnprintf</code> is the older GLIBC 2.0.x style.
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</p></dd></dl>
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<dl>
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<dt><a name="index-gmp_005fasprintf"></a>Function: <em>int</em> <strong>gmp_asprintf</strong> <em>(char **<var>pp</var>, const char *<var>fmt</var>, …)</em></dt>
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<dt><a name="index-gmp_005fvasprintf"></a>Function: <em>int</em> <strong>gmp_vasprintf</strong> <em>(char **<var>pp</var>, const char *<var>fmt</var>, va_list <var>ap</var>)</em></dt>
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<dd><p>Form a null-terminated string in a block of memory obtained from the current
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memory allocation function (see <a href="Custom-Allocation.html#Custom-Allocation">Custom Allocation</a>). The block will be the
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size of the string and null-terminator. The address of the block in stored to
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*<var>pp</var>. The return value is the number of characters produced, excluding
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the null-terminator.
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</p>
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<p>Unlike the C library <code>asprintf</code>, <code>gmp_asprintf</code> doesn’t return
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<em>-1</em> if there’s no more memory available, it lets the current allocation
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function handle that.
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</p></dd></dl>
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<dl>
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<dt><a name="index-gmp_005fobstack_005fprintf"></a>Function: <em>int</em> <strong>gmp_obstack_printf</strong> <em>(struct obstack *<var>ob</var>, const char *<var>fmt</var>, …)</em></dt>
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<dt><a name="index-gmp_005fobstack_005fvprintf"></a>Function: <em>int</em> <strong>gmp_obstack_vprintf</strong> <em>(struct obstack *<var>ob</var>, const char *<var>fmt</var>, va_list <var>ap</var>)</em></dt>
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<dd><a name="index-obstack-output"></a>
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<p>Append to the current object in <var>ob</var>. The return value is the number of
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characters written. A null-terminator is not written.
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</p>
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<p><var>fmt</var> cannot be within the current object in <var>ob</var>, since that object
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might move as it grows.
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</p>
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<p>These functions are available only when the C library provides the obstack
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feature, which probably means only on GNU systems, see <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Obstacks.html#Obstacks">Obstacks</a> in <cite>The GNU C Library Reference Manual</cite>.
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</p></dd></dl>
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<hr>
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<div class="header">
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<p>
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Next: <a href="C_002b_002b-Formatted-Output.html#C_002b_002b-Formatted-Output" accesskey="n" rel="next">C++ Formatted Output</a>, Previous: <a href="Formatted-Output-Strings.html#Formatted-Output-Strings" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Formatted Output Strings</a>, Up: <a href="Formatted-Output.html#Formatted-Output" accesskey="u" rel="up">Formatted Output</a> [<a href="Concept-Index.html#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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</div>
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</body>
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</html>
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