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<head>
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<title>Darwin Options (Using the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC))</title>
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<meta name="description" content="Darwin Options (Using the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC))">
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<link href="index.html#Top" rel="start" title="Top">
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<link href="Option-Index.html#Option-Index" rel="index" title="Option Index">
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<link href="index.html#SEC_Contents" rel="contents" title="Table of Contents">
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<link href="Submodel-Options.html#Submodel-Options" rel="up" title="Submodel Options">
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<link href="DEC-Alpha-Options.html#DEC-Alpha-Options" rel="next" title="DEC Alpha Options">
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<link href="CR16-Options.html#CR16-Options" rel="prev" title="CR16 Options">
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<a name="Darwin-Options"></a>
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<div class="header">
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<p>
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Next: <a href="DEC-Alpha-Options.html#DEC-Alpha-Options" accesskey="n" rel="next">DEC Alpha Options</a>, Previous: <a href="CR16-Options.html#CR16-Options" accesskey="p" rel="prev">CR16 Options</a>, Up: <a href="Submodel-Options.html#Submodel-Options" accesskey="u" rel="up">Submodel Options</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Option-Index.html#Option-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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</div>
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<hr>
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<a name="Darwin-Options-1"></a>
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<h4 class="subsection">3.18.10 Darwin Options</h4>
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<a name="index-Darwin-options"></a>
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<p>These options are defined for all architectures running the Darwin operating
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system.
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</p>
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<p>FSF GCC on Darwin does not create “fat” object files; it creates
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an object file for the single architecture that GCC was built to
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target. Apple’s GCC on Darwin does create “fat” files if multiple
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<samp>-arch</samp> options are used; it does so by running the compiler or
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linker multiple times and joining the results together with
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<samp>lipo</samp>.
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</p>
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<p>The subtype of the file created (like ‘<samp>ppc7400</samp>’ or ‘<samp>ppc970</samp>’ or
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‘<samp>i686</samp>’) is determined by the flags that specify the ISA
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that GCC is targeting, like <samp>-mcpu</samp> or <samp>-march</samp>. The
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<samp>-force_cpusubtype_ALL</samp> option can be used to override this.
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</p>
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<p>The Darwin tools vary in their behavior when presented with an ISA
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mismatch. The assembler, <samp>as</samp>, only permits instructions to
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be used that are valid for the subtype of the file it is generating,
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so you cannot put 64-bit instructions in a ‘<samp>ppc750</samp>’ object file.
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The linker for shared libraries, <samp>/usr/bin/libtool</samp>, fails
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and prints an error if asked to create a shared library with a less
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restrictive subtype than its input files (for instance, trying to put
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a ‘<samp>ppc970</samp>’ object file in a ‘<samp>ppc7400</samp>’ library). The linker
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for executables, <code>ld</code>, quietly gives the executable the most
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restrictive subtype of any of its input files.
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</p>
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<dl compact="compact">
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<dt><code>-F<var>dir</var></code></dt>
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<dd><a name="index-F"></a>
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<p>Add the framework directory <var>dir</var> to the head of the list of
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directories to be searched for header files. These directories are
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interleaved with those specified by <samp>-I</samp> options and are
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scanned in a left-to-right order.
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</p>
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<p>A framework directory is a directory with frameworks in it. A
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framework is a directory with a <samp>Headers</samp> and/or
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<samp>PrivateHeaders</samp> directory contained directly in it that ends
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in <samp>.framework</samp>. The name of a framework is the name of this
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directory excluding the <samp>.framework</samp>. Headers associated with
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the framework are found in one of those two directories, with
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<samp>Headers</samp> being searched first. A subframework is a framework
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directory that is in a framework’s <samp>Frameworks</samp> directory.
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Includes of subframework headers can only appear in a header of a
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framework that contains the subframework, or in a sibling subframework
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header. Two subframeworks are siblings if they occur in the same
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framework. A subframework should not have the same name as a
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framework; a warning is issued if this is violated. Currently a
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subframework cannot have subframeworks; in the future, the mechanism
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may be extended to support this. The standard frameworks can be found
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in <samp>/System/Library/Frameworks</samp> and
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<samp>/Library/Frameworks</samp>. An example include looks like
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<code>#include <Framework/header.h></code>, where <samp>Framework</samp> denotes
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the name of the framework and <samp>header.h</samp> is found in the
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<samp>PrivateHeaders</samp> or <samp>Headers</samp> directory.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>-iframework<var>dir</var></code></dt>
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<dd><a name="index-iframework"></a>
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<p>Like <samp>-F</samp> except the directory is a treated as a system
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directory. The main difference between this <samp>-iframework</samp> and
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<samp>-F</samp> is that with <samp>-iframework</samp> the compiler does not
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warn about constructs contained within header files found via
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<var>dir</var>. This option is valid only for the C family of languages.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>-gused</code></dt>
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<dd><a name="index-gused"></a>
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<p>Emit debugging information for symbols that are used. For stabs
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debugging format, this enables <samp>-feliminate-unused-debug-symbols</samp>.
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This is by default ON.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>-gfull</code></dt>
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<dd><a name="index-gfull"></a>
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<p>Emit debugging information for all symbols and types.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>-mmacosx-version-min=<var>version</var></code></dt>
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<dd><p>The earliest version of MacOS X that this executable will run on
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is <var>version</var>. Typical values of <var>version</var> include <code>10.1</code>,
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<code>10.2</code>, and <code>10.3.9</code>.
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</p>
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<p>If the compiler was built to use the system’s headers by default,
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then the default for this option is the system version on which the
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compiler is running, otherwise the default is to make choices that
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are compatible with as many systems and code bases as possible.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>-mkernel</code></dt>
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<dd><a name="index-mkernel"></a>
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<p>Enable kernel development mode. The <samp>-mkernel</samp> option sets
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<samp>-static</samp>, <samp>-fno-common</samp>, <samp>-fno-use-cxa-atexit</samp>,
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<samp>-fno-exceptions</samp>, <samp>-fno-non-call-exceptions</samp>,
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<samp>-fapple-kext</samp>, <samp>-fno-weak</samp> and <samp>-fno-rtti</samp> where
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applicable. This mode also sets <samp>-mno-altivec</samp>,
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<samp>-msoft-float</samp>, <samp>-fno-builtin</samp> and
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<samp>-mlong-branch</samp> for PowerPC targets.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>-mone-byte-bool</code></dt>
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<dd><a name="index-mone_002dbyte_002dbool"></a>
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<p>Override the defaults for <code>bool</code> so that <code>sizeof(bool)==1</code>.
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By default <code>sizeof(bool)</code> is <code>4</code> when compiling for
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Darwin/PowerPC and <code>1</code> when compiling for Darwin/x86, so this
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option has no effect on x86.
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</p>
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<p><strong>Warning:</strong> The <samp>-mone-byte-bool</samp> switch causes GCC
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to generate code that is not binary compatible with code generated
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without that switch. Using this switch may require recompiling all
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other modules in a program, including system libraries. Use this
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switch to conform to a non-default data model.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>-mfix-and-continue</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-ffix-and-continue</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-findirect-data</code></dt>
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<dd><a name="index-mfix_002dand_002dcontinue"></a>
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<a name="index-ffix_002dand_002dcontinue"></a>
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<a name="index-findirect_002ddata"></a>
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<p>Generate code suitable for fast turnaround development, such as to
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allow GDB to dynamically load <samp>.o</samp> files into already-running
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programs. <samp>-findirect-data</samp> and <samp>-ffix-and-continue</samp>
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are provided for backwards compatibility.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>-all_load</code></dt>
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<dd><a name="index-all_005fload"></a>
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<p>Loads all members of static archive libraries.
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See man ld(1) for more information.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>-arch_errors_fatal</code></dt>
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<dd><a name="index-arch_005ferrors_005ffatal"></a>
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<p>Cause the errors having to do with files that have the wrong architecture
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to be fatal.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>-bind_at_load</code></dt>
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<dd><a name="index-bind_005fat_005fload"></a>
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<p>Causes the output file to be marked such that the dynamic linker will
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bind all undefined references when the file is loaded or launched.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>-bundle</code></dt>
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<dd><a name="index-bundle"></a>
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<p>Produce a Mach-o bundle format file.
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See man ld(1) for more information.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>-bundle_loader <var>executable</var></code></dt>
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<dd><a name="index-bundle_005floader"></a>
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<p>This option specifies the <var>executable</var> that will load the build
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output file being linked. See man ld(1) for more information.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>-dynamiclib</code></dt>
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<dd><a name="index-dynamiclib"></a>
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<p>When passed this option, GCC produces a dynamic library instead of
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an executable when linking, using the Darwin <samp>libtool</samp> command.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>-force_cpusubtype_ALL</code></dt>
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<dd><a name="index-force_005fcpusubtype_005fALL"></a>
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<p>This causes GCC’s output file to have the ‘<samp>ALL</samp>’ subtype, instead of
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one controlled by the <samp>-mcpu</samp> or <samp>-march</samp> option.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>-allowable_client <var>client_name</var></code></dt>
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<dt><code>-client_name</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-compatibility_version</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-current_version</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-dead_strip</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-dependency-file</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-dylib_file</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-dylinker_install_name</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-dynamic</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-exported_symbols_list</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-filelist</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-flat_namespace</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-force_flat_namespace</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-headerpad_max_install_names</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-image_base</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-init</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-install_name</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-keep_private_externs</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-multi_module</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-multiply_defined</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-multiply_defined_unused</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-noall_load</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-no_dead_strip_inits_and_terms</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-nofixprebinding</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-nomultidefs</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-noprebind</code></dt>
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|
<dt><code>-noseglinkedit</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-pagezero_size</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-prebind</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-prebind_all_twolevel_modules</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-private_bundle</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-read_only_relocs</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-sectalign</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-sectobjectsymbols</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-whyload</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-seg1addr</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-sectcreate</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-sectobjectsymbols</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-sectorder</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-segaddr</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-segs_read_only_addr</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-segs_read_write_addr</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-seg_addr_table</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-seg_addr_table_filename</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-seglinkedit</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-segprot</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-segs_read_only_addr</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-segs_read_write_addr</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-single_module</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-static</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-sub_library</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-sub_umbrella</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-twolevel_namespace</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-umbrella</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-undefined</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-unexported_symbols_list</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-weak_reference_mismatches</code></dt>
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<dt><code>-whatsloaded</code></dt>
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<dd><a name="index-allowable_005fclient"></a>
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|
<a name="index-client_005fname"></a>
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|
<a name="index-compatibility_005fversion"></a>
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|
<a name="index-current_005fversion"></a>
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|
<a name="index-dead_005fstrip"></a>
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|
<a name="index-dependency_002dfile"></a>
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|
<a name="index-dylib_005ffile"></a>
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|
<a name="index-dylinker_005finstall_005fname"></a>
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<a name="index-dynamic"></a>
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<a name="index-exported_005fsymbols_005flist"></a>
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|
<a name="index-filelist"></a>
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|
<a name="index-flat_005fnamespace"></a>
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|
<a name="index-force_005fflat_005fnamespace"></a>
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|
<a name="index-headerpad_005fmax_005finstall_005fnames"></a>
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<a name="index-image_005fbase"></a>
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<a name="index-init"></a>
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|
<a name="index-install_005fname"></a>
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|
<a name="index-keep_005fprivate_005fexterns"></a>
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<a name="index-multi_005fmodule"></a>
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<a name="index-multiply_005fdefined"></a>
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<a name="index-multiply_005fdefined_005funused"></a>
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<a name="index-noall_005fload"></a>
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<a name="index-no_005fdead_005fstrip_005finits_005fand_005fterms"></a>
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|
<a name="index-nofixprebinding"></a>
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<a name="index-nomultidefs"></a>
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|
<a name="index-noprebind"></a>
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<a name="index-noseglinkedit"></a>
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<a name="index-pagezero_005fsize"></a>
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|
<a name="index-prebind"></a>
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<a name="index-prebind_005fall_005ftwolevel_005fmodules"></a>
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<a name="index-private_005fbundle"></a>
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|
<a name="index-read_005fonly_005frelocs"></a>
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|
<a name="index-sectalign"></a>
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|
<a name="index-sectobjectsymbols"></a>
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|
<a name="index-whyload"></a>
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|
<a name="index-seg1addr"></a>
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|
<a name="index-sectcreate"></a>
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|
<a name="index-sectobjectsymbols-1"></a>
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|
<a name="index-sectorder"></a>
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|
<a name="index-segaddr"></a>
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|
<a name="index-segs_005fread_005fonly_005faddr"></a>
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|
<a name="index-segs_005fread_005fwrite_005faddr"></a>
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|
<a name="index-seg_005faddr_005ftable"></a>
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|
<a name="index-seg_005faddr_005ftable_005ffilename"></a>
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|
<a name="index-seglinkedit"></a>
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|
<a name="index-segprot"></a>
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|
<a name="index-segs_005fread_005fonly_005faddr-1"></a>
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|
<a name="index-segs_005fread_005fwrite_005faddr-1"></a>
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|
<a name="index-single_005fmodule"></a>
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|
<a name="index-static-1"></a>
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|
<a name="index-sub_005flibrary"></a>
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|
<a name="index-sub_005fumbrella"></a>
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|
<a name="index-twolevel_005fnamespace"></a>
|
|
<a name="index-umbrella"></a>
|
|
<a name="index-undefined"></a>
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|
<a name="index-unexported_005fsymbols_005flist"></a>
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|
<a name="index-weak_005freference_005fmismatches"></a>
|
|
<a name="index-whatsloaded"></a>
|
|
<p>These options are passed to the Darwin linker. The Darwin linker man page
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|
describes them in detail.
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|
</p></dd>
|
|
</dl>
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