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<a name="addr2line"></a>
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Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="nlmconv.html#nlmconv">nlmconv</a>,
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Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="c_002b_002bfilt.html#c_002b_002bfilt">c++filt</a>,
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Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="index.html#Top">Top</a>
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<h2 class="chapter">10 addr2line</h2>
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<p><a name="index-addr2line-139"></a><a name="index-address-to-file-name-and-line-number-140"></a>
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<!-- man title addr2line convert addresses into file names and line numbers. -->
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<pre class="smallexample"> <!-- man begin SYNOPSIS addr2line -->
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addr2line [<samp><span class="option">-a</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--addresses</span></samp>]
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[<samp><span class="option">-b</span></samp> <var>bfdname</var>|<samp><span class="option">--target=</span></samp><var>bfdname</var>]
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[<samp><span class="option">-C</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--demangle</span></samp>[=<var>style</var>]]
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[<samp><span class="option">-e</span></samp> <var>filename</var>|<samp><span class="option">--exe=</span></samp><var>filename</var>]
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[<samp><span class="option">-f</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--functions</span></samp>] [<samp><span class="option">-s</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--basename</span></samp>]
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[<samp><span class="option">-i</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--inlines</span></samp>]
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[<samp><span class="option">-p</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--pretty-print</span></samp>]
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[<samp><span class="option">-j</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--section=</span></samp><var>name</var>]
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[<samp><span class="option">-H</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--help</span></samp>] [<samp><span class="option">-V</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--version</span></samp>]
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[addr addr ...]
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<!-- man end -->
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</pre>
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<!-- man begin DESCRIPTION addr2line -->
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<p><samp><span class="command">addr2line</span></samp> translates addresses into file names and line numbers.
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Given an address in an executable or an offset in a section of a relocatable
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object, it uses the debugging information to figure out which file name and
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line number are associated with it.
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<p>The executable or relocatable object to use is specified with the <samp><span class="option">-e</span></samp>
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option. The default is the file <samp><span class="file">a.out</span></samp>. The section in the relocatable
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object to use is specified with the <samp><span class="option">-j</span></samp> option.
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<p><samp><span class="command">addr2line</span></samp> has two modes of operation.
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<p>In the first, hexadecimal addresses are specified on the command line,
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and <samp><span class="command">addr2line</span></samp> displays the file name and line number for each
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address.
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<p>In the second, <samp><span class="command">addr2line</span></samp> reads hexadecimal addresses from
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standard input, and prints the file name and line number for each
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address on standard output. In this mode, <samp><span class="command">addr2line</span></samp> may be used
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in a pipe to convert dynamically chosen addresses.
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<p>The format of the output is ‘<samp><span class="samp">FILENAME:LINENO</span></samp>’. By default
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each input address generates one line of output.
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<p>Two options can generate additional lines before each
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‘<samp><span class="samp">FILENAME:LINENO</span></samp>’ line (in that order).
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<p>If the <samp><span class="option">-a</span></samp> option is used then a line with the input address
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is displayed.
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<p>If the <samp><span class="option">-f</span></samp> option is used, then a line with the
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‘<samp><span class="samp">FUNCTIONNAME</span></samp>’ is displayed. This is the name of the function
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containing the address.
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<p>One option can generate additional lines after the
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‘<samp><span class="samp">FILENAME:LINENO</span></samp>’ line.
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<p>If the <samp><span class="option">-i</span></samp> option is used and the code at the given address is
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present there because of inlining by the compiler then additional
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lines are displayed afterwards. One or two extra lines (if the
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<samp><span class="option">-f</span></samp> option is used) are displayed for each inlined function.
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<p>Alternatively if the <samp><span class="option">-p</span></samp> option is used then each input
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address generates a single, long, output line containing the address,
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the function name, the file name and the line number. If the
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<samp><span class="option">-i</span></samp> option has also been used then any inlined functions will
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be displayed in the same manner, but on separate lines, and prefixed
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by the text ‘<samp><span class="samp">(inlined by)</span></samp>’.
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<p>If the file name or function name can not be determined,
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<samp><span class="command">addr2line</span></samp> will print two question marks in their place. If the
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line number can not be determined, <samp><span class="command">addr2line</span></samp> will print 0.
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<!-- man end -->
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<!-- man begin OPTIONS addr2line -->
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<p>The long and short forms of options, shown here as alternatives, are
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equivalent.
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<dl>
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<dt><samp><span class="env">-a</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--addresses</span></samp><dd>Display the address before the function name, file and line number
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information. The address is printed with a ‘<samp><span class="samp">0x</span></samp>’ prefix to easily
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identify it.
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<br><dt><samp><span class="env">-b </span><var>bfdname</var></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--target=</span><var>bfdname</var></samp><dd><a name="index-object-code-format-141"></a>Specify that the object-code format for the object files is
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<var>bfdname</var>.
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<br><dt><samp><span class="env">-C</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--demangle[=</span><var>style</var><span class="env">]</span></samp><dd><a name="index-demangling-in-objdump-142"></a>Decode (<dfn>demangle</dfn>) low-level symbol names into user-level names.
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Besides removing any initial underscore prepended by the system, this
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makes C++ function names readable. Different compilers have different
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mangling styles. The optional demangling style argument can be used to
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choose an appropriate demangling style for your compiler. See <a href="c_002b_002bfilt.html#c_002b_002bfilt">c++filt</a>,
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for more information on demangling.
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<br><dt><samp><span class="env">-e </span><var>filename</var></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--exe=</span><var>filename</var></samp><dd>Specify the name of the executable for which addresses should be
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translated. The default file is <samp><span class="file">a.out</span></samp>.
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<br><dt><samp><span class="env">-f</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--functions</span></samp><dd>Display function names as well as file and line number information.
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<br><dt><samp><span class="env">-s</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--basenames</span></samp><dd>Display only the base of each file name.
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<br><dt><samp><span class="env">-i</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--inlines</span></samp><dd>If the address belongs to a function that was inlined, the source
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information for all enclosing scopes back to the first non-inlined
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function will also be printed. For example, if <code>main</code> inlines
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<code>callee1</code> which inlines <code>callee2</code>, and address is from
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<code>callee2</code>, the source information for <code>callee1</code> and <code>main</code>
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will also be printed.
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<br><dt><samp><span class="env">-j</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--section</span></samp><dd>Read offsets relative to the specified section instead of absolute addresses.
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<br><dt><samp><span class="env">-p</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--pretty-print</span></samp><dd>Make the output more human friendly: each location are printed on one line.
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If option <samp><span class="option">-i</span></samp> is specified, lines for all enclosing scopes are
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prefixed with ‘<samp><span class="samp">(inlined by)</span></samp>’.
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</dl>
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<!-- man end -->
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</body></html>
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