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181 lines
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181 lines
8.0 KiB
HTML
4 years ago
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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<html>
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<!-- This file documents the gprof profiler of the GNU system.
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Copyright (C) 1988-2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
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under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
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or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
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with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no
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Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the
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section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".
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-->
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<!-- Created by GNU Texinfo 6.4, http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/ -->
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<head>
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<title>Analysis Options (GNU gprof)</title>
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<meta name="description" content="Analysis Options (GNU gprof)">
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<meta name="keywords" content="Analysis Options (GNU gprof)">
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
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<link href="index.html#Top" rel="start" title="Top">
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<link href="index.html#SEC_Contents" rel="contents" title="Table of Contents">
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<link href="Invoking.html#Invoking" rel="up" title="Invoking">
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<link href="Miscellaneous-Options.html#Miscellaneous-Options" rel="next" title="Miscellaneous Options">
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<link href="Output-Options.html#Output-Options" rel="prev" title="Output Options">
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</style>
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</head>
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<body lang="en">
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<a name="Analysis-Options"></a>
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<div class="header">
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<p>
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Next: <a href="Miscellaneous-Options.html#Miscellaneous-Options" accesskey="n" rel="next">Miscellaneous Options</a>, Previous: <a href="Output-Options.html#Output-Options" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Output Options</a>, Up: <a href="Invoking.html#Invoking" accesskey="u" rel="up">Invoking</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>]</p>
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</div>
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<hr>
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<a name="Analysis-Options-1"></a>
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<h3 class="section">4.2 Analysis Options</h3>
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<dl compact="compact">
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<dt><code>-a</code></dt>
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<dt><code>--no-static</code></dt>
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<dd><p>The ‘<samp>-a</samp>’ option causes <code>gprof</code> to suppress the printing of
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statically declared (private) functions. (These are functions whose
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names are not listed as global, and which are not visible outside the
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file/function/block where they were defined.) Time spent in these
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functions, calls to/from them, etc., will all be attributed to the
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function that was loaded directly before it in the executable file.
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This option affects both the flat profile and the call graph.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>-c</code></dt>
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<dt><code>--static-call-graph</code></dt>
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<dd><p>The ‘<samp>-c</samp>’ option causes the call graph of the program to be
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augmented by a heuristic which examines the text space of the object
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file and identifies function calls in the binary machine code.
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Since normal call graph records are only generated when functions are
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entered, this option identifies children that could have been called,
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but never were. Calls to functions that were not compiled with
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profiling enabled are also identified, but only if symbol table
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entries are present for them.
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Calls to dynamic library routines are typically <em>not</em> found
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by this option.
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Parents or children identified via this heuristic
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are indicated in the call graph with call counts of ‘<samp>0</samp>’.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>-D</code></dt>
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<dt><code>--ignore-non-functions</code></dt>
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<dd><p>The ‘<samp>-D</samp>’ option causes <code>gprof</code> to ignore symbols which
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are not known to be functions. This option will give more accurate
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profile data on systems where it is supported (Solaris and HPUX for
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example).
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>-k <var>from</var>/<var>to</var></code></dt>
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<dd><p>The ‘<samp>-k</samp>’ option allows you to delete from the call graph any arcs from
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symbols matching symspec <var>from</var> to those matching symspec <var>to</var>.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>-l</code></dt>
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<dt><code>--line</code></dt>
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<dd><p>The ‘<samp>-l</samp>’ option enables line-by-line profiling, which causes
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histogram hits to be charged to individual source code lines,
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instead of functions. This feature only works with programs compiled
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by older versions of the <code>gcc</code> compiler. Newer versions of
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<code>gcc</code> are designed to work with the <code>gcov</code> tool instead.
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</p>
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<p>If the program was compiled with basic-block counting enabled,
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this option will also identify how many times each line of
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code was executed.
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While line-by-line profiling can help isolate where in a large function
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a program is spending its time, it also significantly increases
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the running time of <code>gprof</code>, and magnifies statistical
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inaccuracies.
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See <a href="Sampling-Error.html#Sampling-Error">Statistical Sampling Error</a>.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>--inline-file-names</code></dt>
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<dd><p>This option causes <code>gprof</code> to print the source file after each
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symbol in both the flat profile and the call graph. The full path to the
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file is printed if used with the ‘<samp>-L</samp>’ option.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>-m <var>num</var></code></dt>
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<dt><code>--min-count=<var>num</var></code></dt>
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<dd><p>This option affects execution count output only.
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Symbols that are executed less than <var>num</var> times are suppressed.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>-n<var>symspec</var></code></dt>
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<dt><code>--time=<var>symspec</var></code></dt>
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<dd><p>The ‘<samp>-n</samp>’ option causes <code>gprof</code>, in its call graph analysis,
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to only propagate times for symbols matching <var>symspec</var>.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>-N<var>symspec</var></code></dt>
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<dt><code>--no-time=<var>symspec</var></code></dt>
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<dd><p>The ‘<samp>-n</samp>’ option causes <code>gprof</code>, in its call graph analysis,
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not to propagate times for symbols matching <var>symspec</var>.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>-S<var>filename</var></code></dt>
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<dt><code>--external-symbol-table=<var>filename</var></code></dt>
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<dd><p>The ‘<samp>-S</samp>’ option causes <code>gprof</code> to read an external symbol table
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file, such as <samp>/proc/kallsyms</samp>, rather than read the symbol table
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from the given object file (the default is <code>a.out</code>). This is useful
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for profiling kernel modules.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>-z</code></dt>
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<dt><code>--display-unused-functions</code></dt>
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<dd><p>If you give the ‘<samp>-z</samp>’ option, <code>gprof</code> will mention all
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functions in the flat profile, even those that were never called, and
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that had no time spent in them. This is useful in conjunction with the
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‘<samp>-c</samp>’ option for discovering which routines were never called.
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</p>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<hr>
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<div class="header">
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<p>
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Next: <a href="Miscellaneous-Options.html#Miscellaneous-Options" accesskey="n" rel="next">Miscellaneous Options</a>, Previous: <a href="Output-Options.html#Output-Options" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Output Options</a>, Up: <a href="Invoking.html#Invoking" accesskey="u" rel="up">Invoking</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>]</p>
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</div>
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</body>
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</html>
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