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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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<html>
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<!-- This file documents the GNU Assembler "as".
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Copyright (C) 1991-2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
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under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
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or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
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with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no
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Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the
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section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".
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<!-- Created by GNU Texinfo 6.4, http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/ -->
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<head>
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<title>TILE-Gx Modifiers (Using as)</title>
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<meta name="description" content="TILE-Gx Modifiers (Using as)">
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<meta name="keywords" content="TILE-Gx Modifiers (Using as)">
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<link href="index.html#Top" rel="start" title="Top">
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<link href="AS-Index.html#AS-Index" rel="index" title="AS Index">
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<link href="index.html#SEC_Contents" rel="contents" title="Table of Contents">
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<link href="TILE_002dGx-Syntax.html#TILE_002dGx-Syntax" rel="up" title="TILE-Gx Syntax">
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<link href="TILE_002dGx-Directives.html#TILE_002dGx-Directives" rel="next" title="TILE-Gx Directives">
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<link href="TILE_002dGx-Registers.html#TILE_002dGx-Registers" rel="prev" title="TILE-Gx Registers">
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</head>
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<body lang="en">
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<a name="TILE_002dGx-Modifiers"></a>
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<div class="header">
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<p>
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Previous: <a href="TILE_002dGx-Registers.html#TILE_002dGx-Registers" accesskey="p" rel="prev">TILE-Gx Registers</a>, Up: <a href="TILE_002dGx-Syntax.html#TILE_002dGx-Syntax" accesskey="u" rel="up">TILE-Gx Syntax</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="AS-Index.html#AS-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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</div>
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<hr>
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<a name="Symbolic-Operand-Modifiers-4"></a>
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<h4 class="subsubsection">9.46.2.3 Symbolic Operand Modifiers</h4>
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<a name="index-TILE_002dGx-modifiers"></a>
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<a name="index-symbol-modifiers_002c-TILE_002dGx"></a>
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<p>The assembler supports several modifiers when using symbol addresses
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in TILE-Gx instruction operands. The general syntax is the following:
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</p>
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<div class="smallexample">
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<pre class="smallexample">modifier(symbol)
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</pre></div>
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<p>The following modifiers are supported:
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</p>
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<dl compact="compact">
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<dt><code>hw0</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>This modifier is used to load bits 0-15 of the symbol’s address.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>hw1</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>This modifier is used to load bits 16-31 of the symbol’s address.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>hw2</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>This modifier is used to load bits 32-47 of the symbol’s address.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>hw3</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>This modifier is used to load bits 48-63 of the symbol’s address.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>hw0_last</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>This modifier yields the same value as <code>hw0</code>, but it also checks
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that the value does not overflow.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>hw1_last</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>This modifier yields the same value as <code>hw1</code>, but it also checks
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that the value does not overflow.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>hw2_last</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>This modifier yields the same value as <code>hw2</code>, but it also checks
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that the value does not overflow.
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</p>
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<p>A 48-bit symbolic value is constructed by using the following idiom:
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</p>
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<div class="smallexample">
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<pre class="smallexample">moveli r0, hw2_last(sym)
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shl16insli r0, r0, hw1(sym)
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shl16insli r0, r0, hw0(sym)
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</pre></div>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>hw0_got</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>This modifier is used to load bits 0-15 of the symbol’s offset in the
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GOT entry corresponding to the symbol.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>hw0_last_got</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>This modifier yields the same value as <code>hw0_got</code>, but it also
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checks that the value does not overflow.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>hw1_last_got</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>This modifier is used to load bits 16-31 of the symbol’s offset in the
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GOT entry corresponding to the symbol, and it also checks that the
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value does not overflow.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>plt</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>This modifier is used for function symbols. It causes a
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<em>procedure linkage table</em>, an array of code stubs, to be created
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at the time the shared object is created or linked against, together
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with a global offset table entry. The value is a pc-relative offset
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to the corresponding stub code in the procedure linkage table. This
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arrangement causes the run-time symbol resolver to be called to look
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up and set the value of the symbol the first time the function is
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called (at latest; depending environment variables). It is only safe
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to leave the symbol unresolved this way if all references are function
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calls.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>hw0_plt</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>This modifier is used to load bits 0-15 of the pc-relative address of
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a plt entry.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>hw1_plt</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>This modifier is used to load bits 16-31 of the pc-relative address of
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a plt entry.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>hw1_last_plt</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>This modifier yields the same value as <code>hw1_plt</code>, but it also
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checks that the value does not overflow.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>hw2_last_plt</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>This modifier is used to load bits 32-47 of the pc-relative address of
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a plt entry, and it also checks that the value does not overflow.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>hw0_tls_gd</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>This modifier is used to load bits 0-15 of the offset of the GOT entry
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of the symbol’s TLS descriptor, to be used for general-dynamic TLS
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accesses.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>hw0_last_tls_gd</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>This modifier yields the same value as <code>hw0_tls_gd</code>, but it also
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checks that the value does not overflow.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>hw1_last_tls_gd</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>This modifier is used to load bits 16-31 of the offset of the GOT
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entry of the symbol’s TLS descriptor, to be used for general-dynamic
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TLS accesses. It also checks that the value does not overflow.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>hw0_tls_ie</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>This modifier is used to load bits 0-15 of the offset of the GOT entry
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containing the offset of the symbol’s address from the TCB, to be used
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for initial-exec TLS accesses.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>hw0_last_tls_ie</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>This modifier yields the same value as <code>hw0_tls_ie</code>, but it also
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checks that the value does not overflow.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>hw1_last_tls_ie</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>This modifier is used to load bits 16-31 of the offset of the GOT
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entry containing the offset of the symbol’s address from the TCB, to
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be used for initial-exec TLS accesses. It also checks that the value
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does not overflow.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>hw0_tls_le</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>This modifier is used to load bits 0-15 of the offset of the symbol’s
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address from the TCB, to be used for local-exec TLS accesses.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>hw0_last_tls_le</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>This modifier yields the same value as <code>hw0_tls_le</code>, but it also
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checks that the value does not overflow.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>hw1_last_tls_le</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>This modifier is used to load bits 16-31 of the offset of the symbol’s
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address from the TCB, to be used for local-exec TLS accesses. It
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also checks that the value does not overflow.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>tls_gd_call</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>This modifier is used to tag an instruction as the “call” part of a
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calling sequence for a TLS GD reference of its operand.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>tls_gd_add</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>This modifier is used to tag an instruction as the “add” part of a
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calling sequence for a TLS GD reference of its operand.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>tls_ie_load</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>This modifier is used to tag an instruction as the “load” part of a
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calling sequence for a TLS IE reference of its operand.
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</p>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<hr>
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<div class="header">
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<p>
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Previous: <a href="TILE_002dGx-Registers.html#TILE_002dGx-Registers" accesskey="p" rel="prev">TILE-Gx Registers</a>, Up: <a href="TILE_002dGx-Syntax.html#TILE_002dGx-Syntax" accesskey="u" rel="up">TILE-Gx Syntax</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="AS-Index.html#AS-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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</div>
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