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260 lines
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260 lines
11 KiB
HTML
4 years ago
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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<html>
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<!-- This file documents the GNU Assembler "as".
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Copyright (C) 1991-2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
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under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
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or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
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with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no
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Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the
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section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".
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-->
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<!-- Created by GNU Texinfo 6.4, http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/ -->
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<head>
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<title>S12Z-Syntax (Using as)</title>
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<meta name="description" content="S12Z-Syntax (Using as)">
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<meta name="keywords" content="S12Z-Syntax (Using as)">
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<meta name="resource-type" content="document">
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<meta name="distribution" content="global">
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<meta name="Generator" content="makeinfo">
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
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<link href="index.html#Top" rel="start" title="Top">
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<link href="AS-Index.html#AS-Index" rel="index" title="AS Index">
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<link href="index.html#SEC_Contents" rel="contents" title="Table of Contents">
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<link href="S12Z_002dDependent.html#S12Z_002dDependent" rel="up" title="S12Z-Dependent">
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<link href="S12Z_002dDirectives.html#S12Z_002dDirectives" rel="next" title="S12Z-Directives">
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<link href="S12Z_002dOpts.html#S12Z_002dOpts" rel="prev" title="S12Z-Opts">
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<style type="text/css">
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a.summary-letter {text-decoration: none}
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blockquote.smallquotation {font-size: smaller}
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div.display {margin-left: 3.2em}
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div.example {margin-left: 3.2em}
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div.lisp {margin-left: 3.2em}
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div.smalldisplay {margin-left: 3.2em}
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div.smallexample {margin-left: 3.2em}
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div.smalllisp {margin-left: 3.2em}
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kbd {font-style: oblique}
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pre.display {font-family: inherit}
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pre.format {font-family: inherit}
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pre.menu-comment {font-family: serif}
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pre.menu-preformatted {font-family: serif}
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pre.smalldisplay {font-family: inherit; font-size: smaller}
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pre.smallexample {font-size: smaller}
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pre.smallformat {font-family: inherit; font-size: smaller}
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pre.smalllisp {font-size: smaller}
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span.nolinebreak {white-space: nowrap}
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span.roman {font-family: initial; font-weight: normal}
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span.sansserif {font-family: sans-serif; font-weight: normal}
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ul.no-bullet {list-style: none}
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-->
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</style>
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</head>
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<body lang="en">
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<a name="S12Z_002dSyntax"></a>
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<div class="header">
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<p>
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Next: <a href="S12Z_002dDirectives.html#S12Z_002dDirectives" accesskey="n" rel="next">S12Z-Directives</a>, Previous: <a href="S12Z_002dOpts.html#S12Z_002dOpts" accesskey="p" rel="prev">S12Z-Opts</a>, Up: <a href="S12Z_002dDependent.html#S12Z_002dDependent" accesskey="u" rel="up">S12Z-Dependent</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="AS-Index.html#AS-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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</div>
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<hr>
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<a name="Syntax-18"></a>
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<h4 class="subsection">9.23.2 Syntax</h4>
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<a name="index-S12Z-syntax"></a>
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<a name="index-syntax_002c-S12Z"></a>
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<p>In the S12Z syntax, the instruction name comes first and it may
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be followed by one or by several operands.
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In most cases the maximum number of operands is three.
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Some instructions accept and (in certain situations require) a suffix
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indicating the size of the operand.
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The suffix is separated from the instruction name by a period (‘<samp>.</samp>’)
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and may be one of ‘<samp>b</samp>’, ‘<samp>w</samp>’, ‘<samp>p</samp>’ or ‘<samp>l</samp>’ indicating
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‘byte’ (a single byte), ‘word’ (2 bytes), ‘pointer’ (3 bytes) or ‘long’ (4 bytes)
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respectively.
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Operands are separated by a comma (‘<samp>,</samp>’).
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A comma however does not act as a separator if it appears within parentheses
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(‘<samp>()</samp>’) or within square brackets (‘<samp>[]</samp>’).
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<code>as</code> will complain if too many, too few or inappropriate operands
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are specified for a given instruction.
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The MRI mode is not supported for this architecture.
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Example:
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</p>
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<div class="smallexample">
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<pre class="smallexample"> bset.b 0xA98, #5
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mov.b #6, 0x2409
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ld d0, #4
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mov.l (d0, x), 0x2409
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inc d0
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cmp d0, #12
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blt *-4
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lea x, 0x2409
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st y, (1, x)
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</pre></div>
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<a name="index-line-comment-character_002c-S12Z"></a>
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<a name="index-S12Z-line-comment-character"></a>
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<p>The presence of a ‘<samp>;</samp>’ character anywhere
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on a line indicates the start of a comment that extends to the end of
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that line.
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</p>
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<p>A ‘<samp>*</samp>’ or a ‘<samp>#</samp>’ character at the start of a line also
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introduces a line comment, but these characters do not work elsewhere
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on the line. If the first character of the line is a ‘<samp>#</samp>’ then as
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well as starting a comment, the line could also be logical line number
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directive (see <a href="Comments.html#Comments">Comments</a>) or a preprocessor control command
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(see <a href="Preprocessing.html#Preprocessing">Preprocessing</a>).
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</p>
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<a name="index-line-separator_002c-S12Z"></a>
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<a name="index-statement-separator_002c-S12Z"></a>
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<a name="index-S12Z-line-separator"></a>
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<p>The S12Z assembler does not currently support a line separator
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character.
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</p>
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<a name="index-S12Z-addressing-modes"></a>
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<a name="index-addressing-modes_002c-S12Z"></a>
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<p>The following addressing modes are understood for the S12Z.
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</p><dl compact="compact">
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<dt><em>Immediate</em></dt>
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<dd><p>‘<samp>#<var>number</var></samp>’
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><em>Immediate Bit Field</em></dt>
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<dd><p>‘<samp>#<var>width</var>:<var>offset</var></samp>’
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</p>
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<p>Bit field instructions in the immediate mode require the width and offset to
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be specified.
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The <var>width</var> pararmeter specifies the number of bits in the field.
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It should be a number in the range [1,32].
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<var>Offset</var> determines the position within the field where the operation
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should start.
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It should be a number in the range [0,31].
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><em>Relative</em></dt>
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<dd><p>‘<samp>*<var>symbol</var></samp>’, or ‘<samp>*[+-]<var>digits</var></samp>’
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</p>
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<p>Program counter relative addresses have a width of 15 bits.
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Thus, they must be within the range [-32768, 32767].
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><em>Register</em></dt>
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<dd><p>‘<samp><var>reg</var></samp>’
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</p>
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<p>Some instructions accept a register as an operand.
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In general, <var>reg</var> may be a data register (‘<samp>D0</samp>’, ‘<samp>D1</samp>’ …
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‘<samp>D7</samp>’), the <var>X</var> register or the <var>Y</var> register.
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</p>
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<p>A few instructions accept as an argument the stack pointer
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register (‘<samp>S</samp>’), and/or the program counter (‘<samp>P</samp>’).
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</p>
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<p>Some very special instructions accept arguments which refer to the
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condition code register. For these arguments the syntax is
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‘<samp>CCR</samp>’, ‘<samp>CCH</samp>’ or ‘<samp>CCL</samp>’ which refer to the complete condition code register, the condition code register high byte and the condition code register low byte respectively.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><em>Absolute Direct</em></dt>
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<dd><p>‘<samp><var>symbol</var></samp>’, or ‘<samp><var>digits</var></samp>’
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><em>Absolute Indirect</em></dt>
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<dd><p>‘<samp>[<var>symbol</var></samp>’, or ‘<samp><var>digits</var>]</samp>’
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><em>Constant Offset Indexed</em></dt>
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<dd><p>‘<samp>(<var>number</var>,<var>reg</var>)</samp>’
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</p>
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<p><var>Reg</var> may be either ‘<samp>X</samp>’, ‘<samp>Y</samp>’, ‘<samp>S</samp>’ or
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‘<samp>P</samp>’ or one of the data registers ‘<samp>D0</samp>’, ‘<samp>D1</samp>’ …
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‘<samp>D7</samp>’.
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If any of the registers ‘<samp>D2</samp>’ … ‘<samp>D5</samp>’ are specified, then the
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register value is treated as a signed value.
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Otherwise it is treated as unsigned.
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<var>Number</var> may be any integer in the range [-8388608,8388607].
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><em>Offset Indexed Indirect</em></dt>
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<dd><p>‘<samp>[<var>number</var>,<var>reg</var>]</samp>’
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</p>
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<p><var>Reg</var> may be either ‘<samp>X</samp>’, ‘<samp>Y</samp>’, ‘<samp>S</samp>’ or
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‘<samp>P</samp>’.
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<var>Number</var> may be any integer in the range [-8388608,8388607].
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><em>Auto Pre-Increment/Pre-Decrement/Post-Increment/Post-Decrement</em></dt>
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<dd><p>‘<samp>-<var>reg</var></samp>’,
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‘<samp>+<var>reg</var></samp>’,
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‘<samp><var>reg</var>-</samp>’ or
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‘<samp><var>reg</var>+</samp>’
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</p>
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<p>This addressing mode is typically used to access a value at an address,
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and simultaneously to increment/decrement the register pointing to that
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address.
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Thus <var>reg</var> may be any of the 24 bit registers ‘<samp>X</samp>’, ‘<samp>Y</samp>’, or
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‘<samp>S</samp>’.
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Pre-increment and post-decrement are not available for
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register ‘<samp>S</samp>’ (only post-increment and pre-decrement are available).
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><em>Register Offset Direct</em></dt>
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<dd><p>‘<samp>(<var>data-reg</var>,<var>reg</var>)</samp>’
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</p>
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<p><var>Reg</var> can be either ‘<samp>X</samp>’, ‘<samp>Y</samp>’, or ‘<samp>S</samp>’.
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<var>Data-reg</var>
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must be one of the data registers ‘<samp>D0</samp>’, ‘<samp>D1</samp>’ … ‘<samp>D7</samp>’.
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If any of the registers ‘<samp>D2</samp>’ … ‘<samp>D5</samp>’ are specified, then
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the register value is treated as a signed value.
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Otherwise it is treated as unsigned.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><em>Register Offset Indirect</em></dt>
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<dd><p>‘<samp>[<var>data-reg</var>,<var>reg</var>]</samp>’
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</p>
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<p><var>Reg</var> can be either ‘<samp>X</samp>’ or ‘<samp>Y</samp>’.
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<var>Data-reg</var>
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must be one of the data registers ‘<samp>D0</samp>’, ‘<samp>D1</samp>’ … ‘<samp>D7</samp>’.
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If any of the registers ‘<samp>D2</samp>’ … ‘<samp>D5</samp>’ are specified, then
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the register value is treated as a signed value.
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Otherwise it is treated as unsigned.
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</p>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<p>For example:
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</p>
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<div class="smallexample">
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<pre class="smallexample"> trap #197
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bra *+49
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bra .L0
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jmp 0xFE0034
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jmp [0xFD0012]
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inc.b (4,x)
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dec.w [4,y]
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clr.p (-s)
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neg.l (d0, s)
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com.b [d1, x]
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jsr (45, d0)
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psh cch
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</pre></div>
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<hr>
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<div class="header">
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<p>
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Next: <a href="S12Z_002dDirectives.html#S12Z_002dDirectives" accesskey="n" rel="next">S12Z-Directives</a>, Previous: <a href="S12Z_002dOpts.html#S12Z_002dOpts" accesskey="p" rel="prev">S12Z-Opts</a>, Up: <a href="S12Z_002dDependent.html#S12Z_002dDependent" accesskey="u" rel="up">S12Z-Dependent</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="AS-Index.html#AS-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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</div>
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</body>
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</html>
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