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189 lines
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189 lines
9.0 KiB
HTML
4 years ago
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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<html>
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<!-- This file documents the GNU Assembler "as".
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Copyright (C) 1991-2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
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under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
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or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
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with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no
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Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the
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section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".
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-->
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<!-- Created by GNU Texinfo 6.4, http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/ -->
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<head>
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<title>CRIS-Opts (Using as)</title>
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<meta name="description" content="CRIS-Opts (Using as)">
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<meta name="keywords" content="CRIS-Opts (Using as)">
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<meta name="resource-type" content="document">
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<meta name="distribution" content="global">
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<meta name="Generator" content="makeinfo">
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
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<link href="index.html#Top" rel="start" title="Top">
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<link href="AS-Index.html#AS-Index" rel="index" title="AS Index">
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<link href="index.html#SEC_Contents" rel="contents" title="Table of Contents">
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<link href="CRIS_002dDependent.html#CRIS_002dDependent" rel="up" title="CRIS-Dependent">
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<link href="CRIS_002dExpand.html#CRIS_002dExpand" rel="next" title="CRIS-Expand">
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<link href="CRIS_002dDependent.html#CRIS_002dDependent" rel="prev" title="CRIS-Dependent">
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<style type="text/css">
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div.display {margin-left: 3.2em}
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div.example {margin-left: 3.2em}
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kbd {font-style: oblique}
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ul.no-bullet {list-style: none}
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-->
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</style>
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</head>
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<body lang="en">
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<a name="CRIS_002dOpts"></a>
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<div class="header">
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<p>
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Next: <a href="CRIS_002dExpand.html#CRIS_002dExpand" accesskey="n" rel="next">CRIS-Expand</a>, Up: <a href="CRIS_002dDependent.html#CRIS_002dDependent" accesskey="u" rel="up">CRIS-Dependent</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="AS-Index.html#AS-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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</div>
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<hr>
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<a name="Command_002dline-Options"></a>
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<h4 class="subsection">9.8.1 Command-line Options</h4>
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<a name="index-options_002c-CRIS"></a>
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<a name="index-CRIS-options"></a>
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<p>The CRIS version of <code>as</code> has these
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machine-dependent command-line options.
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</p>
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<a name="index-_002d_002demulation_003dcriself-command_002dline-option_002c-CRIS"></a>
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<a name="index-_002d_002demulation_003dcrisaout-command_002dline-option_002c-CRIS"></a>
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<a name="index-CRIS-_002d_002demulation_003dcriself-command_002dline-option"></a>
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<a name="index-CRIS-_002d_002demulation_003dcrisaout-command_002dline-option"></a>
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<p>The format of the generated object files can be either ELF or
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a.out, specified by the command-line options
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<samp>--emulation=crisaout</samp> and <samp>--emulation=criself</samp>.
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The default is ELF (criself), unless <code>as</code> has been
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configured specifically for a.out by using the configuration
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name <code>cris-axis-aout</code>.
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</p>
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<a name="index-_002d_002dunderscore-command_002dline-option_002c-CRIS"></a>
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<a name="index-_002d_002dno_002dunderscore-command_002dline-option_002c-CRIS"></a>
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<a name="index-CRIS-_002d_002dunderscore-command_002dline-option"></a>
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<a name="index-CRIS-_002d_002dno_002dunderscore-command_002dline-option"></a>
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<p>There are two different link-incompatible ELF object file
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variants for CRIS, for use in environments where symbols are
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expected to be prefixed by a leading ‘<samp>_</samp>’ character and for
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environments without such a symbol prefix. The variant used for
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GNU/Linux port has no symbol prefix. Which variant to produce
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is specified by either of the options <samp>--underscore</samp> and
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<samp>--no-underscore</samp>. The default is <samp>--underscore</samp>.
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Since symbols in CRIS a.out objects are expected to have a
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‘<samp>_</samp>’ prefix, specifying <samp>--no-underscore</samp> when
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generating a.out objects is an error. Besides the object format
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difference, the effect of this option is to parse register names
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differently (see <a href="CRIS_002dPseudos.html#crisnous">crisnous</a>). The <samp>--no-underscore</samp>
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option makes a ‘<samp>$</samp>’ register prefix mandatory.
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</p>
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<a name="index-_002d_002dpic-command_002dline-option_002c-CRIS"></a>
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<a name="index-CRIS-_002d_002dpic-command_002dline-option"></a>
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<a name="index-Position_002dindependent-code_002c-CRIS"></a>
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<a name="index-CRIS-position_002dindependent-code"></a>
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<p>The option <samp>--pic</samp> must be passed to <code>as</code> in
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order to recognize the symbol syntax used for ELF (SVR4 PIC)
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position-independent-code (see <a href="CRIS_002dPic.html#crispic">crispic</a>). This will also
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affect expansion of instructions. The expansion with
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<samp>--pic</samp> will use PC-relative rather than (slightly
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faster) absolute addresses in those expansions. This option is only
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valid when generating ELF format object files.
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</p>
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<a name="index-_002d_002dmarch_003darchitecture-command_002dline-option_002c-CRIS"></a>
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<a name="index-CRIS-_002d_002dmarch_003darchitecture-command_002dline-option"></a>
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<a name="index-Architecture-variant-option_002c-CRIS"></a>
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<a name="index-CRIS-architecture-variant-option"></a>
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<p>The option <samp>--march=<var>architecture</var></samp>
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<a name="march_002doption"></a>specifies the recognized instruction set
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and recognized register names. It also controls the
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architecture type of the object file. Valid values for
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<var>architecture</var> are:
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</p><dl compact="compact">
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<dt><code>v0_v10</code></dt>
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<dd><p>All instructions and register names for any architecture variant
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in the set v0…v10 are recognized. This is the
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default if the target is configured as cris-*.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>v10</code></dt>
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<dd><p>Only instructions and register names for CRIS v10 (as found in
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ETRAX 100 LX) are recognized. This is the default if the target
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is configured as crisv10-*.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>v32</code></dt>
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<dd><p>Only instructions and register names for CRIS v32 (code name
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Guinness) are recognized. This is the default if the target is
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configured as crisv32-*. This value implies
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<samp>--no-mul-bug-abort</samp>. (A subsequent
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<samp>--mul-bug-abort</samp> will turn it back on.)
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>common_v10_v32</code></dt>
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<dd><p>Only instructions with register names and addressing modes with
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opcodes common to the v10 and v32 are recognized.
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</p></dd>
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</dl>
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<a name="index-_002dN-command_002dline-option_002c-CRIS"></a>
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<a name="index-CRIS-_002dN-command_002dline-option"></a>
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<p>When <samp>-N</samp> is specified, <code>as</code> will emit a
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warning when a 16-bit branch instruction is expanded into a
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32-bit multiple-instruction construct (see <a href="CRIS_002dExpand.html#CRIS_002dExpand">CRIS-Expand</a>).
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</p>
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<a name="index-_002d_002dno_002dmul_002dbug_002dabort-command_002dline-option_002c-CRIS"></a>
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<a name="index-_002d_002dmul_002dbug_002dabort-command_002dline-option_002c-CRIS"></a>
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<a name="index-CRIS-_002d_002dno_002dmul_002dbug_002dabort-command_002dline-option"></a>
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<a name="index-CRIS-_002d_002dmul_002dbug_002dabort-command_002dline-option"></a>
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<p>Some versions of the CRIS v10, for example in the Etrax 100 LX,
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contain a bug that causes destabilizing memory accesses when a
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multiply instruction is executed with certain values in the
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first operand just before a cache-miss. When the
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<samp>--mul-bug-abort</samp> command-line option is active (the
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default value), <code>as</code> will refuse to assemble a file
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containing a multiply instruction at a dangerous offset, one
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that could be the last on a cache-line, or is in a section with
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insufficient alignment. This placement checking does not catch
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any case where the multiply instruction is dangerously placed
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because it is located in a delay-slot. The
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<samp>--mul-bug-abort</samp> command-line option turns off the
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checking.
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</p>
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<hr>
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<div class="header">
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<p>
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Next: <a href="CRIS_002dExpand.html#CRIS_002dExpand" accesskey="n" rel="next">CRIS-Expand</a>, Up: <a href="CRIS_002dDependent.html#CRIS_002dDependent" accesskey="u" rel="up">CRIS-Dependent</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="AS-Index.html#AS-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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</div>
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</body>
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</html>
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