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<h4 class="subsection">9.31.3 Nios II Machine Relocations</h4>
<p><a name="index-machine-relocations_002c-Nios-II-1676"></a><a name="index-Nios-II-machine-relocations-1677"></a>
<a name="index-g_t_0040code_007bhiadj_007d-directive_002c-Nios-II-1678"></a>
<dl><dt><code>%hiadj(</code><var>expression</var><code>)</code><dd>Extract the upper 16 bits of <var>expression</var> and add
one if the 15th bit is set.
<p>The value of <code>%hiadj(</code><var>expression</var><code>)</code> is:
<pre class="smallexample"> ((<var>expression</var> >> 16) & 0xffff) + ((<var>expression</var> >> 15) & 0x01)
</pre>
<p>The <code>%hiadj</code> relocation is intended to be used with
the <code>addi</code>, <code>ld</code> or <code>st</code> instructions
along with a <code>%lo</code>, in order to load a 32-bit constant.
<pre class="smallexample"> movhi r2, %hiadj(symbol)
addi r2, r2, %lo(symbol)
</pre>
<p><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007bhi_007d-directive_002c-Nios-II-1679"></a><br><dt><code>%hi(</code><var>expression</var><code>)</code><dd>Extract the upper 16 bits of <var>expression</var>.
<p><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007blo_007d-directive_002c-Nios-II-1680"></a><br><dt><code>%lo(</code><var>expression</var><code>)</code><dd>Extract the lower 16 bits of <var>expression</var>.
<p><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007bgprel_007d-directive_002c-Nios-II-1681"></a><br><dt><code>%gprel(</code><var>expression</var><code>)</code><dd>Subtract the value of the symbol <code>_gp</code> from
<var>expression</var>.
<p>The intention of the <code>%gprel</code> relocation is
to have a fast small area of memory which only
takes a 16-bit immediate to access.
<pre class="smallexample"> .section .sdata
fastint:
.int 123
.section .text
ldw r4, %gprel(fastint)(gp)
</pre>
<p><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007bcall_007d-directive_002c-Nios-II-1682"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007bcall_005flo_007d-directive_002c-Nios-II-1683"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007bcall_005fhiadj_007d-directive_002c-Nios-II-1684"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007bgot_007d-directive_002c-Nios-II-1685"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007bgot_005flo_007d-directive_002c-Nios-II-1686"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007bgot_005fhiadj_007d-directive_002c-Nios-II-1687"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007bgotoff_007d-directive_002c-Nios-II-1688"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007bgotoff_005flo_007d-directive_002c-Nios-II-1689"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007bgotoff_005fhiadj_007d-directive_002c-Nios-II-1690"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007btls_005fgd_007d-directive_002c-Nios-II-1691"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007btls_005fie_007d-directive_002c-Nios-II-1692"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007btls_005fle_007d-directive_002c-Nios-II-1693"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007btls_005fldm_007d-directive_002c-Nios-II-1694"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007btls_005fldo_007d-directive_002c-Nios-II-1695"></a><br><dt><code>%call(</code><var>expression</var><code>)</code><br><dt><code>%call_lo(</code><var>expression</var><code>)</code><br><dt><code>%call_hiadj(</code><var>expression</var><code>)</code><dt><code>%got(</code><var>expression</var><code>)</code><dt><code>%got_lo(</code><var>expression</var><code>)</code><dt><code>%got_hiadj(</code><var>expression</var><code>)</code><dt><code>%gotoff(</code><var>expression</var><code>)</code><dt><code>%gotoff_lo(</code><var>expression</var><code>)</code><dt><code>%gotoff_hiadj(</code><var>expression</var><code>)</code><dt><code>%tls_gd(</code><var>expression</var><code>)</code><dt><code>%tls_ie(</code><var>expression</var><code>)</code><dt><code>%tls_le(</code><var>expression</var><code>)</code><dt><code>%tls_ldm(</code><var>expression</var><code>)</code><dt><code>%tls_ldo(</code><var>expression</var><code>)</code><dd>
These relocations support the ABI for Linux Systems documented in the
<cite>Nios II Processor Reference Handbook</cite>.
</dl>
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